To plant roses, it is not necessary to make an expensive purchase of planting material. Without much effort, you can get well-rooted seedlings of some types of beautiful roses yourself. Material for growing can serve as a bouquet of roses or pruned shoots.
How to propagate roses and what you need to know
The period from June 15 to the end of July is the best to carry out the propagation of roses by cuttings at home on open beds of beds. You can do this in spring, autumn and winter, but this requires either greenhouses specially prepared for rooting plant shoots, or a place well lit by the sun on the windowsill and planting pots.
Queen of the Garden
Autumn cuttings take place after pruning and preparing rose bushes for hibernation. By this time, plants accumulate many nutrients in their tissues, contributing to the rapid growth of callus (tissue that protects plant wounds) and root formation.
Varieties of soil cover, climbing and polyanthus roses breed well and take root. It is very difficult to achieve the rooting of repair and park varieties. Tea and hybrid tea varieties, albeit with difficulty, can still be propagated by cuttings.
Note! The branches of a bouquet of roses of foreign origin do not need to try to propagate. They, in order to preserve the presentation for a long time, are treated with chemicals that prevent root formation.
The suitability of the branches of the rose for rooting is determined by the state of the thorns: on suitable shoots, the spike easily separates from the peel. The juicy greenish hue of the color of the bark of an incompletely woody shoot is also an indicator that it contains a lot of plastic substances and can be rooted.
Callus
Preparation for growing roses from cuttings
To saturate the seedlings with moisture, the branches of roses, before starting to cut them, are placed for a few hours in standing water at room temperature. For the formation of roots, the central parts of annual shoots with a diameter of at least 0.5 cm, which are either at the stage of bud formation or already faded, are suitable.
Important! The stems of roses selected for rooting are checked for diseases and rot. If at least the slightest signs of mold are present on the shoot bark, the branch is rejected.
The selected branches are divided into cuttings from 5 to 15 cm long. At least three buds and several leaves should remain on each cuttings. The lower sections are made at an angle of 1.5-2.5 cm from the eye. Cuts can be made between the eyes. The upper sections should be straight and located 0.5 cm from the kidney. On the upper part of the cuttings, 2-3 leaves are left, one of them can be whole, the rest are reduced by half to reduce the process of moisture evaporation.
Cuttings
All work is done with a sharp knife, previously processed in a disinfector. Slices should be smooth, in which case they will not yield to rot. All the resulting cuttings are placed for several hours in water with a growth stimulator diluted in it (heteroauxin or root). You can use any root-forming preparations containing β-indolyl-3-acetic acid, β-indolyl-3-butyric acid, α-naphthylacetic acid. The concentration of the solution and the method of use should be in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
For your information! Processing cuttings with substances that activate rooting increases the resistance of planting material to diseases, pests, and adverse weather conditions.
How to prepare the ground
The soil for planting seedlings is prepared no later than two weeks before the start of work. For planting rose seedlings in open ground, choose a site with fertile soil. The soil is dug up on a bayonet shovel. River sand and wood ash are added to the wells. In the absence of chernozem, podzolic or soddy soils, complex mineral fertilizers are applied to the beds.
Rooting roses in an apartment or house is necessary with the help of a mini-greenhouse, created on the basis of flower pots or boxes with sewage holes. Drainage material is placed at the bottom ¼ of the tank height: expanded clay, river pebbles, crushed polystyrene foam, etc. The prepared substrate is poured on top with the addition of sand and ash.
Mini greenhouse
Methods of rooting cuttings
Not always even the absolutely correct execution of step-by-step instructions on how to plant roses leads to a good result. With summer and autumn rooting of pink shoots, it is possible to get normal roots in 80-90% of cases, spring attempts lead to a 50% result, in winter the roots will sprout by 30% of the prepared branches. Therefore, it is necessary to try to root as many cuttings as possible.
Rooting in water
Use well-maintained tap water or spring or rain water purified from natural impurities. It is poured into a clean transparent container. 1-2 tablets of black activated carbon are added to the water. Cuttings are lowered so that the water covers the stems 2-3 cm above the lower kidney. Leaves of roses should not touch water.
The jar is covered with a shelter from a plastic bag or a plastic bottle cut off at the bottom. Direct sunlight should not fall on plants, but cuttings will not reproduce without light. As the amount of moisture in the jar decreases, water is added or completely changed.
In water
Roots sprouted in this way will be very fragile, poorly protected from damage and disease, poorly adapted to development in a denser environment. Transplant them into the soil at a permanent place of cultivation with caution. The substrate must be nutritious, loose and constantly moist. The length of the roots should not exceed 5 cm.
Planting cuttings of roses in potatoes
Rooting roses with large potatoes is beneficial in that the tubers are saturated with moisture, minerals and starch, which guarantees a high percentage of high-grade seedlings. In potatoes, all eyes are cut out. This is necessary so that the root crops completely give their flowers all their nutrients.
Holes are made in the potato, into which the lower ends of the cuttings will fit tightly and insert cuts of roses. Potatoes must be placed in a nutrient substrate to a depth of 15 cm. The soil should completely cover the tuber and reach the level of the stem. The soil is well compacted in the seedling area. Watering should be regular, but strong waterlogging should not be allowed.
In the potato
Rooting cuttings in a package
This technique is used in a residential environment. Apply flower pots to the bottom of which drainage, moist fertile substrate or sphagnum moss is laid. Moss is soaked in freshly squeezed aloe juice diluted in water. For 9 parts of the liquid, 1 part of the juice is used. Flowers are placed in pots, covering and compacting the lower parts of the stems with a soil mixture.
Pots are placed in transparent plastic bags, which are tightly tied, first filling with exhaled air. Packages are placed in a well-lit, warm, but not hot place. Periodically check the condition of the substrate, if necessary, moisten it.
In the package
Rooting prepared summer cuttings in the ground
Rooted cuttings in the summer should not be planted in open ground before winter. They are planted in containers and kept in artificial climates in heated greenhouses or on the windowsill. If peduncles appear on the seedling at this time, they must be removed. The following year, with the onset of constant average daily heat of at least 15 ° C, rooted roses are planted in a permanent place in open ground.
The Trannua Method
The Russian gardener P. Trannua proposes to root the cuttings of roses immediately on the site where they are planned for constant cultivation. If you skip the stage of root formation in the nursery, then the plants take root without additional effort.
Note! In a constant place, the main roots will form at the flowers, which can immediately go into the soil and lay the strength of the future bush.
Before planting cuttings, which are cut up to 20-23 cm long from strong faded annual shoots with several leaves, carefully prepare the soil: loosen, remove weeds, apply fertilizers, moisturize. Cuttings are planted at an angle to the depth of the first leaf, between plants maintain a distance of up to 50 cm. The tops of plants should be directed north.
Trannoy
After planting the seedlings, the soil is well shed with water, compacted in the future basal zone. Caps from cut wide plastic bottles are put on plants. The growing place is shaded.
Note! Rooting begins in September. Young bushes hibernate under caps or spudded earth to the very tips of the stems.
Burrito Method
Mexican dough cake with burrito called burrito. Rose cuttings that they want to propagate are also wrapped in a cake from a newspaper. A newspaper bundle is moistened with water to such an extent that it does not lose shape. Excess water should drain. Burritos of roses are placed in a plastic bag and stored at a temperature of 18 ° C to 20 ° C. In this form, rose cuttings on the lower cut will begin to form callus and expel the roots.
A bundle of roses must be moistened periodically and checked for rot. When signs of mold appear, the damaged cuttings are discarded, the newspaper is replaced with a fresh one. Cuttings are planted after the length of the roots reaches 3-5 cm: in the winter period in seedling pots, in the spring at a constant place of cultivation.
Burrito
How to care for planted cuttings
Young roses that have taken root in the open ground are spudded with a mound of earth from 10 to 20 cm high. This creates a permanent mound that allows the plant to form several root levels and protects the original cuttings. Regular watering and top dressing of the root zone of the plant are carried out. Nutrient mixtures are introduced after the main watering in small holes a little away from the root system. During the summer season, complex fertilizers are used no more than once a month.
The soil around the rose bushes must be weeded and loosened to ensure heating and air exchange of the soil. The growth of roots and shoots will take place more actively in warm soil than in cold. With a decrease in temperature, plants do not absorb moisture well, slowly increase green mass, and do not form peduncles. Without proper care, it is impossible to get strong rose bushes, despite all the efforts that were made at the previous stages of propagation of cuttings.
Rose in the garden
Such beautiful flowers, like roses, rightfully occupy the most honorable place in personal plots and under the windows of high-rises. The cheapest and easiest way to solve the question of how to propagate roses with cuttings at home is to not doubt your strength and take up this work.
