There are plants that look equally good on both the windowsill and the flowerbed. Survival and endurance of such colors can only be surprised. For example, indoor jasmine, brightening its open verandas and warming apartments for the winter with its elegance.
The jasmine plant (Jasminum) belongs to the family Olive. There are about 300 species - representatives of this genus. It is found in the wild in Asia, Africa and Australia, in the tropics and subtropics.
Appearance story
Olive trees as a family have been known since ancient times, so it is difficult to determine when the first plant was planted as a crop. Written references and drawings of the main representative of the family - olives, are found on the most ancient cultural objects made even before our era.
Indoor bush in bloom
The word jasmine itself comes from the Persian "Yasemin", which means "fragrant." The flowers of the plant really exude a wonderful aroma, especially in the evenings, when the petals are fully open.
A gentle resident of warm countries, jasmine (indoor flower) does not like cold weather, so you can not plant a bush on the street. But in the conservatory, he feels great and is actively growing.
Description
There are varieties that grow in the form of shrubs, and lianiform forms are also common. Both deciduous and evergreen plants of this genus are found in nature. The differences also apply to leaf blades: they are unpaired and triple, located opposite and alternately.
Note! Due to the similarity of aroma and flower structure, jasmine is often called mock-up. This shrub belongs to the Hortense family and has nothing to do with real jasmine.
Common varieties
There are several varieties of ornamental shrubs that flower growers are especially fond of for their beauty and unpretentiousness.
Sambac
Sambac, or fragrant jasmine, is an evergreen climbing or climbing bush. Leaflets are unpaired, simple, ovoid, leathery, located opposite. The length of the leaf blade is from 2 to 10 cm.
Sambac
Terry or semi-double flowers, pure white, yellow or red. The most common variety is Sambac Grand Duke, a capricious plant with surprisingly beautiful double flowers.
For your information. An interesting feature of this species is that its upper ovary forms a berry, which makes the plant more decorative.
With proper care, Jasmine Sambac pleases with flowering all year round.
Pink jasmine
A beautiful climbing shrub plant with pink fragrant flowers that can decorate both the apartment and the cottage. Pink jasmine blooms from early May to mid-July. Distributed in the Crimea.
Pink jasmine
Interesting. In addition to the decorative function, the shrub brings practical benefits: its parts are used in medicine and perfumery.
Madagascar Jasmine
Stefanotis, or Madagascar jasmine - a tropical exotica with bright greens and white or purple flowers. Under natural conditions, jasmine vines reach a length of 6 m. The inflorescences are loose, with 5-7 flowers each.
Madagascar stefanotis
The plant requires care and attention, but it can not be called too capricious.
Jasmine multiflora
Known under the names Polyanthus, Polyantum. A beautiful, densely branching shrub whose liana branches reach a length of 2 m. The leaves are complex, cirrus, have an opposite arrangement. The plant blooms from February to August. Petals are painted white, at the bud stage - pink. Inflorescences are located along the entire length of the branches.
Polyantum
After flowering on multiflowered jasmine, fruits are formed in the form of black berries.
Jasmine Holoflower
This plant is sometimes called winter jasmine for its ability to bloom in late February. Thin drooping branches at this time are covered with yellow small flowers, which looks especially impressive against the background of dark conifers or hedges. Golotsvetkovy decorative jasmine unpretentious, tolerates pruning, undemanding to the composition of the soil.
Blueflower bush
Compete with him in beauty can only yellow-leaved jasmine, which belongs to mock-ups.
Yellow jasmine
This variety is a shrub with erect shoots up to 1.5 m in height. The leaves are saturated green, opposite. The flowers smell wonderful, painted in a bright lemon shade.
Jasmine yellow
In late summer, black small shiny berries appear on the branches of yellow jasmine.
Jasmine strawberry
Strawberry jasmine is sometimes called false, because this species belongs to mock mums, and this is another botanical family. If the name "jasmine" was given to this plant for its external resemblance to the Maslinovs, then the strawberry supplement was given to it for its aroma.
Strawberry mock
The fragrant flowers on a small compact bush look very elegant.
Jasmine virgin
When deciding on growing a bush in a house, it is worth bearing in mind that some varieties are quite high and are actively growing. These include Jasmine Virgin. It is a branching shrub with dense green foliage and white double flowers that exude a delicate aroma. He is thermophilic and prefers well-lit places, but he tolerates the cold quite persistently.
Virgin
Important! Flowering plant is undesirable to place in the bedroom. The strong smell of flowers can cause a headache.
Caring for Jasmine at Home
Although jasmine is quite hardy, tropical origin makes itself felt: the flower is sensitive to temperature fluctuations and the failure of the irrigation regime. Home care for indoor jasmine requires effort.
Temperature
The optimum temperature for indoor jasmine in the summer is from 18 ° C to 25 ° C. In the winter period of rest, it should be in a room with a temperature of 8 ° C to 10 ° C. Without this, the plant may not bloom for next year. Everyone but Sambac needs some coolness.
Lighting
Jasmine loves the light, but the direct rays of the sun are harmful to him - under their influence, unopened buds dry up. Therefore, if you decide to place a bush on the southern windowsill, you must immediately take care of shading. There will be little light on the north side of the jasmine house. It is best to place the plant on a western or eastern window.
Interesting. Jasmine is not only a flower, but also a common name. Therefore, when searching for new varieties of plants, you can stumble upon pages with photos of its carriers. For example, if you enter Sinclair Jasmine Bondage in the search bar, the system will display results that are very far from the topic of floriculture.
Watering
The plant loves abundant watering, but it does not need to be poured - just make sure that the ground is always slightly moist. Watering is desirable to produce only settled water at room temperature. If necessary, you can reduce the level of moisture hardness by adding a few drops of citric acid to it.
Spraying
In hot and dry weather, it is recommended to spray the shrub with water of a comfortable temperature. In summer, you can send the plant to the street, where air humidity is naturally regulated.
Humidity
It is possible to maintain air humidity in the room where the homemade jasmine flower is located by drying a wet towel on a radiator under a windowsill or by placing a saucer of water in a container with a plant.
Priming
The main requirement for soil is looseness. Water and air must penetrate to the roots in the required amount. For jasmine, soil for roses or azaleas is suitable. You can prepare the soil mixture yourself.
Fertilizer for flowering plants
To do this, take 3 parts of loamy soil, 1 part of peat and a little coarse sand.
Top dressing
In spring, at the beginning of the growing season, the shrub should be fed with a complex fertilizer for flowering plants once every 7-10 days.
Pruning
In order for the bush to begin to grow actively, pruning is recommended in spring. In early March, all shoots are shortened by 40-60% of the length, diseased, ugly and dried out are completely removed.
Varieties of jasmine blooming in winter are pruned in autumn. Actively growing shorten in the spring and before the onset of winter. Unpretentious jasmine Sambac requires pruning in the autumn and spring.
When and how it blooms
The flowering of jasmine depends on its type and variety, for example, the royal variety is able to open flowers in winter.
Types of flowers
Jasmine flowers are elongated tubules, open at the end. Petals can be terry, semi-double and simple. They are collected in inflorescences located on the sides or at the top of the branch.
Flower shapes
With a similar shape (saucer-shaped corolla with a cylindrical extension-tube), the plant pleases with a variety of colors: from classic white to yellow, purple and pink.
Flowering period
Some varieties of homemade jasmine flower only a couple of summer months. Others - bloom fragrant flowers from February to early autumn. Still others bloom almost without interruption. You can start several different types of plants at once and enjoy flowering at different times of the year.
Important! Jasmine berries are inedible.
Changes in flowering care
To make the home bush more active and bloom longer, pinch the tops of the stems, leaving no more than 7 pairs of leaves on the shoot. Special care for jasmine during the flowering period is not required, it is only important to monitor the air humidity and prevent the soil from drying out.
How jasmine propagates
A rapidly growing shrub is easy to propagate. This can be done in three different ways.
Seed germination
Seeds purchased or collected independently must be soaked in water for 2 days in order to accelerate the germination process. You can add a little Kornevin.
Seeds before germination
Swollen seeds are sown in soil, vermiculite or coconut fiber, to a depth of about 1 cm. Plantings are placed in a place where the temperature will be kept at a level of 22 ° C to 25 ° C, and regularly moisten with warm water. After 3 weeks, the first shoots will appear.
Important! In young plants derived from seeds of hybrids, varietal traits may not persist.
Rooting cuttings
Cuttings of indoor jasmine:
- Cut 12-15 cm cuttings from young shoots. It is advisable to do this in April.
- Put the cuttings in water at room temperature. Every 3-4 days, change it to a fresh one.
- When the roots grow on the cuttings, they are transferred from the water to the nutrient substrate. From this moment you can take care of young jasmine plants as always.
Garden plant species can also be propagated in this way.
Air lay
Reproduction by layering in the spring-summer period:
- On the extreme shoot, a small incision is made;
- The place of the cut is buried in the ground, if necessary, the shoot is fixed with a hairpin;
- A buried place is regularly watered;
- In autumn or spring (depending on when the cuttings were buried), you can separate it from the mother plant and plant it in a separate pot.
Jasmine transplant
Young actively developing plants are transplanted once a year. Adult jasmine bushes are enough to transplant 1 time in 3 years.
The bush resets foliage
When preparing the substrate and the new tank, one should not forget about drainage (expanded clay, broken brick) and holes in the bottom.
Possible problems in growing
The plant reacts painfully to improper care and adverse conditions. By external signs, it is possible to determine how to adjust care measures so that the ornamental shrub again pleased with healthy growth and flowering.
Discards buds and leaves
This symptom can indicate both a deficiency and an excess of moisture in the soil. It is advisable to carefully treat the watering regime, moistening the soil in moderation.
Leaves turn pale
Jasmine leaves can change color due to irrigation with cold hard water, drafts, excess light or lack of nutrients in the soil. It will help moisturize the soil with warm, softened water, change the place for the plant or make complex fertilizer under the root.
Important! Climbing varieties of plants will need a support along which young shoots will curl.
The tips dry on the leaves
Drying is usually caused by low humidity. It is necessary to spray the plant more often, set next to a saucer with wet pebbles or put a damp towel.
Lower leaves fall off
Lower leaves fall off in aging lignified shoots. This can be avoided by regularly pinching them and performing spring pruning.
Flowering does not start
There are many answers to the question why homemade jasmine does not bloom. Such a problem can arise due to improper planting (the root neck is deeply buried in the ground), lack of nutrients in the soil, lack of light or, on the contrary, direct sunlight, insufficient or too much watering, and inappropriate air temperature. By correcting errors in care, it is possible to achieve abundant and prolonged flowering.
Pests
Aphids and spider mites - the eternal enemies of indoor plants, harm and jasmine. They damage young leaves and shoots, as a result of which they turn yellow and dry. As a preventive measure, it is necessary to monitor the level of humidity (the tick is afraid of dampness) and regularly inspect the plants themselves.
Bright flowers on a background of dark leaves
If small greenish or whitish insects appeared on them, it is time to use special insecticides. They must be used strictly in accordance with the instructions. Proponents of home methods can be advised a soap solution that is used to treat jasmine leaves. It is also useful to wash the plant more often, wipe it with a damp, clean cloth.
When jasmine blooms, you can enjoy it for days on end. The wonderful aroma of a flower at any time of the year reminds of a warm summer. Which variety of shrubs to prefer, each grower decides for himself. The main thing is to take care of the flower so that, in gratitude, get a whole scattering of fragrant "stars".
